| Table: 10 | Production and atmospheric Release | Expanded Data | Reporting Companies only | |||||||||||||||
| HFC-134a | (thousand metric tonnes) | (thousand metric tonnes) | ||||||||||||||||
| Cumulative | ||||||||||||||||||
| Annual | Total | Short Banking Times | Medium Banking Times | Long Banking Times | ||||||||||||||
| Production | Released | Production | Released | Unreleased | Sales | Released | Unreleased | Sales | Released | Unreleased | Sales | Released | Unreleased | |||||
| 1990 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | ||||
| 1991 | 2.2 | 0.2 | 2.4 | 0.3 | 2.1 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 2.2 | 0.2 | 2.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | ||||
| 1992 | 6.4 | 0.8 | 8.8 | 1.1 | 7.7 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 8.2 | 0.8 | 7.4 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.1 | ||||
| 1993 | 26.5 | 3.6 | 35.3 | 4.7 | 30.6 | 2.2 | 1.4 | 0.9 | 32.7 | 3.2 | 29.4 | 0.4 | 0.1 | 0.3 | ||||
| 1994 | 50.4 | 9.1 | 85.7 | 13.8 | 71.9 | 5.1 | 3.6 | 1.4 | 78.7 | 9.5 | 69.2 | 1.9 | 0.6 | 1.3 | ||||
| 1995 | 73.8 | 19.8 | 159.5 | 33.6 | 125.9 | 15.5 | 10.3 | 5.2 | 140.0 | 21.9 | 118.0 | 4.0 | 1.4 | 2.6 | ||||
| 1996 | 83.7 | 32.4 | 243.2 | 65.9 | 177.2 | 26.4 | 20.9 | 5.4 | 210.1 | 42.6 | 167.5 | 6.7 | 2.3 | 4.4 | ||||
| 1997 | 97.9 | 42.3 | 341.1 | 108.3 | 232.8 | 34.7 | 30.5 | 4.2 | 296.0 | 74.0 | 222.0 | 10.4 | 3.7 | 6.6 | ||||
| 1998 | 112.2 | 54.3 | 453.3 | 162.6 | 290.7 | 42.3 | 38.5 | 3.8 | 391.5 | 117.0 | 274.5 | 19.5 | 7.0 | 12.5 | ||||
| 1999 | 131.8 | 69.7 | 585.1 | 232.3 | 352.8 | 57.6 | 50.0 | 7.6 | 500.0 | 172.1 | 327.8 | 27.5 | 10.2 | 17.3 | ||||
| 2000 | 129.8 | 84.6 | 714.8 | 316.9 | 398.0 | 73.9 | 65.7 | 8.1 | 607.8 | 238.3 | 369.5 | 33.1 | 12.8 | 20.3 | ||||
| 2001 | 134.0 | 96.4 | 848.8 | 413.3 | 435.5 | 87.4 | 80.6 | 6.8 | 714.9 | 314.6 | 400.4 | 46.5 | 18.1 | 28.3 | ||||
| 2002 | 157.0 | 105.9 | 1005.8 | 519.2 | 486.6 | 103.2 | 95.3 | 7.9 | 845.5 | 400.9 | 444.5 | 57.1 | 23.0 | 34.1 | ||||
| 2003 | 166.9 | 114.8 | 1172.7 | 634.0 | 538.7 | 115.6 | 109.4 | 6.2 | 989.7 | 496.6 | 493.1 | 67.4 | 28.0 | 39.4 | ||||
| 2004 | 173.9 | 125.6 | 1346.5 | 759.6 | 586.9 | 132.5 | 124.1 | 8.5 | 1131.6 | 600.7 | 530.9 | 82.4 | 34.9 | 47.5 | ||||
| Notes | ||||||||||||||||||
| In previous reports, from 1997 to 2002 fugitive emissions were incorrectly calculated. This has now been rectified with small changes to the data for the years identified. | ||||||||||||||||||
| Emissions are calculated from production and categorised sales using "emission functions". | ||||||||||||||||||
| The emission function for "Long" banking times was changed in 2001 in view of the results of a survey commissioned by AFEAS: | ||||||||||||||||||
| (Ashford P., 1999, Development of a global emission function for blowing agents used in closed cell foam, Final Report to AFEAS and | ||||||||||||||||||
| McCulloch A., P.M. Midgley and P. Ashford, Releases of Refrigerant Gases (CFC-12, HCFC-22 and HFC-134a) to the Atmosphere, Atmos. Environ., 37, 889-902, 2003) | ||||||||||||||||||
| The survey showed that most (99%) of the HFC-134a in closed cell foams was used to blow expanded polystyrene, the emission function for which comprises | ||||||||||||||||||
| 32.5% loss in the year of manufacture and 3%/yr thereafter. | ||||||||||||||||||
| Columns affected by this change are shaded pale green/blue. | ||||||||||||||||||
| The emission function for "Short" banking time (e.g. aerosols) is the same as in previous reports (50% emitted in the year of manufacture and 100% the year after). | ||||||||||||||||||
| The emission function for "Medium" banking time (predominantly refrigeration) is the same as in previous reports (normally distributed about a | ||||||||||||||||||
| mean of 4.5 years, with a total service lifetime of 10 years). | ||||||||||||||||||
| The collection of data for 2004 onwards is being performed by Cefic (the European Confederation of Chemical Industry Councils) whose Statistical Department has imposed | ||||||||||||||||||
| a measure of confidentiality that did not exist in previous AFEAS data. In addition to the existing rule that there should be three manufacturers, | ||||||||||||||||||
| the new rule prevents publication of data if one manufacturer reports more than 70% of the value in any one category. | ||||||||||||||||||
| The change does not affect the values for HFC-134a | ||||||||||||||||||